implement private messages

app/assets/stylesheets/application.css

@@ -569,8 +569,6 @@ table.data th {
 	background-color: #eaeaea;
 	border-bottom: 1px solid #cacaca;
 	border-top: 1px solid #cacaca;
-	padding: 2px;
-	padding-left: 3px;
 	text-align: left;
 }
 table.data th img {
@@ -583,10 +581,13 @@ table.data th.r, table.data td.r {
 	padding-right: 3px;
 }
 
+table.data th,
 table.data td {
-	padding-left: 3px;
-	padding-top: 4px;
-	padding-bottom: 3px;
+	padding: 0.25em 0.5em;
+}
+
+table.data tr.bold td {
+	font-weight: bold;
 }
 
 table.thread td {
@@ -600,11 +601,13 @@ table.thread td img {
 	vertical-align: middle;
 }
 
-table.data tr.row0 td {
+table.data tr.row0 td,
+table.data.zebra tr:nth-child(even) td {
 	background-color: #f8f8f8;
 	border-bottom: 1px solid #eaeaea;
 }
-table.data tr.row1 td {
+table.data tr.row1 td,
+table.data.zebra tr:nth-child(odd) td {
 	background-color: #f5f5f5;
 	border-bottom: 1px solid #eaeaea;
 }
@@ -642,6 +645,16 @@ table.data tr.void td, table.data tr.void td a {
 	font-weight: bold;
 	font-size: 11pt;
 }
+.box .sublegend {
+	font-size: 10pt;
+	font-weight: normal;
+	font-style: italic;
+	color: gray;
+}
+.box .legend.right {
+	float: right;
+}
+
 .box .boxtitle {
 	background-color: #f0f0f0;
 	border-bottom: 1px solid #cacaca;

app/controllers/messages_controller.rb

@@ -1,2 +1,73 @@
 class MessagesController < ApplicationController
+  before_filter :require_logged_in_user
+  before_filter :find_message, :only => [ :show, :destroy, :keep_as_new ]
+
+  def index
+    @new_message = Message.new
+  end
+
+  def create
+    @new_message = Message.new(params[:message])
+    @new_message.author_user_id = @user.id
+
+    if @new_message.save
+      flash.now[:success] = "Your message has been sent to " <<
+        @new_message.recipient.username
+
+      @new_message = Message.new
+    end
+
+    render :action => "index"
+  end
+
+  def show
+    @new_message = Message.new
+    @new_message.recipient_username = (@message.author_user_id == @user.id ?
+      @message.recipient.username : @message.author.username)
+
+    if @message.recipient_user_id == @user.id
+      @message.has_been_read = true
+      @message.save
+    end
+
+    if @message.subject.match(/^re:/i)
+      @new_message.subject = @message.subject
+    else
+      @new_message.subject = "Re: #{@message.subject}"
+    end
+  end
+
+  def destroy
+    if @message.author_user_id == @user.id
+      @message.deleted_by_author = true
+    end
+    
+    if @message.recipient_user_id == @user.id
+      @message.deleted_by_recipient = true
+    end
+
+    @message.save
+
+    flash[:success] = "Deleted message"
+    return redirect_to "/messages"
+  end
+
+  def keep_as_new
+    @message.has_been_read = false
+    @message.save
+
+    return redirect_to "/messages"
+  end
+
+private
+  def find_message
+    if @message = Message.find_by_short_id(params[:message_id ] || params[:id])
+      if !(@message.author_user_id == @user.id ||
+      @message.recipient_user_id == @user.id)
+        flash[:error] = "Could not find message"
+        redirect_to "/messages"
+        return false
+      end
+    end
+  end
 end

app/mailers/email_message.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+class EmailMessage < ActionMailer::Base
+  default :from => "nobody@lobste.rs"
+
+  def notify(message, user)
+    @message = message
+    @user = user
+
+    mail(:to => user.email, :from => "Lobsters <nobody@lobste.rs>",
+      :subject => "[Lobsters] Private Message from " <<
+        "#{message.author.username}: #{message.subject}")
+  end
+end

app/models/comment.rb

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ class Comment < ActiveRecord::Base
     :indent_level, :highlighted
 
   before_create :assign_short_id_and_upvote
-  after_create :assign_votes, :mark_submitter, :email_reply
+  after_create :assign_votes, :mark_submitter, :deliver_reply_notifications
   after_destroy :unassign_votes
 
   MAX_EDIT_MINS = 45
@@ -32,12 +32,14 @@ class Comment < ActiveRecord::Base
   end
 
   def assign_short_id_and_upvote
-    (1...10).each do |tries|
-      if tries == 10
+    10.times do |try|
+      if try == 10
         raise "too many hash collisions"
       end
 
-      if !Comment.find_by_short_id(self.short_id = Utils.random_str(6))
+      self.short_id = Utils.random_str(6)
+
+      if !Comment.find_by_short_id(self.short_id)
         break
       end
     end
@@ -56,14 +58,14 @@ class Comment < ActiveRecord::Base
     Keystore.increment_value_for("user:#{self.user_id}:comments_posted")
   end
 
-  def email_reply
+  def deliver_reply_notifications
     begin
       if self.parent_comment_id && u = self.parent_comment.try(:user)
         if u.email_replies?
           EmailReply.reply(self, u).deliver
         end
 
-        if u.pushover_replies?
+        if u.pushover_replies? && u.pushover_user_key.present?
           Pushover.push(u.pushover_user_key, u.pushover_device, {
             :title => "Lobsters reply from #{self.user.username} on " <<
               "#{self.story.title}",

app/models/message.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+class Message < ActiveRecord::Base
+  belongs_to :recipient,
+    :class_name => "User",
+    :foreign_key => "recipient_user_id"
+  belongs_to :author,
+    :class_name => "User",
+    :foreign_key => "author_user_id"
+
+  validates_presence_of :recipient
+  validates_presence_of :author
+
+  attr_accessor :recipient_username
+
+  attr_accessible :recipient_username, :subject, :body
+
+  validates_length_of :subject, :in => 1..150
+  validates_length_of :body, :maximum => (64 * 1024)
+  
+  before_create :assign_short_id
+  after_create :deliver_reply_notifications
+  after_save :check_for_both_deleted
+  after_save :update_unread_counts
+ 
+  def assign_short_id
+    10.times do |try|
+      if try == 10
+        raise "too many hash collisions"
+      end
+
+      self.short_id = Utils.random_str(6)
+
+      if !Message.find_by_short_id(self.short_id)
+        break
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  def check_for_both_deleted
+    if self.deleted_by_author && self.deleted_by_recipient
+      self.destroy
+    end
+  end
+
+  def update_unread_counts
+    self.recipient.update_unread_message_count!
+  end
+  
+  def deliver_reply_notifications
+    begin
+      if self.recipient.email_messages?
+        EmailMessage.notify(self, self.recipient).deliver
+      end
+
+      if self.recipient.pushover_messages? &&
+      self.recipient.pushover_user_key.present?
+        Pushover.push(self.recipient.pushover_user_key,
+          self.recipient.pushover_device, {
+          :title => "Lobsters message from #{self.author.username}: " <<
+            "#{self.subject}",
+          :message => self.plaintext_body,
+          :url => self.url,
+          :url_title => "Reply to #{self.author.username}",
+        })
+      end
+    rescue
+    end
+  end
+
+  def recipient_username=(username)
+    self.recipient_user_id = nil
+
+    if u = User.find_by_username(username)
+      self.recipient_user_id = u.id
+      @recipient_username = username
+    else
+      errors.add(:recipient_username, "is not a valid user")
+    end
+  end
+  
+  def linkified_body
+    RDiscount.new(self.body.to_s, :smart, :autolink, :safelink,
+      :filter_html).to_html
+  end
+
+  def plaintext_body
+    # TODO: linkify then strip tags and convert entities back
+    self.body.to_s
+  end
+
+  def url
+    Rails.application.routes.url_helpers.root_url + "messages/#{self.short_id}"
+  end
+end

app/models/story.rb

@@ -18,10 +18,9 @@ class Story < ActiveRecord::Base
   attr_accessor :vote, :story_type, :already_posted_story, :fetched_content
   attr_accessor :new_tags, :tags_to_add, :tags_to_delete
 
-  after_save :deal_with_tags
-
   before_create :assign_short_id
   after_create :mark_submitter
+  after_save :deal_with_tags
 
   validate do
     if self.url.present?
@@ -47,12 +46,13 @@ class Story < ActiveRecord::Base
   end
 
   def assign_short_id
-    (1...10).each do |tries|
-      if tries == 10
+    10.times do |try|
+      if try == 10
         raise "too many hash collisions"
       end
 
       self.short_id = Utils.random_str(6)
+
       if !Story.find_by_short_id(self.short_id)
         break
       end

app/models/user.rb

@@ -1,6 +1,13 @@
 class User < ActiveRecord::Base
   has_many :stories,
     :include => :user
+  has_many :comments
+  has_many :authored_messages,
+    :class_name => "Message",
+    :foreign_key => "author_user_id"
+  has_many :received_messages,
+    :class_name => "Message",
+    :foreign_key => "recipient_user_id"
   has_secure_password
 
   validates_format_of :username, :with => /\A[A-Za-z0-9][A-Za-z0-9_-]*\Z/
@@ -13,7 +20,7 @@ class User < ActiveRecord::Base
 
   attr_accessible :username, :email, :password, :password_confirmation,
     :about, :email_replies, :pushover_replies, :pushover_user_key,
-    :pushover_device
+    :pushover_device, :email_messages, :pushover_messages
 
   before_save :check_session_token
 
@@ -24,8 +31,13 @@ class User < ActiveRecord::Base
   end
 
   def unread_message_count
-    0
-    #Message.where(:recipient_user_id => self.id, :has_been_read => 0).count
+    Keystore.value_for("user:#{self.id}:unread_messages").to_i
+  end
+
+  def update_unread_message_count!
+    Keystore.put("user:#{self.id}:unread_messages",
+      Message.where(:recipient_user_id => self.id,
+        :has_been_read => false).count)
   end
 
   def karma

app/views/email_message/notify.text.erb

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+  <%= word_wrap(@comment.plaintext_body, :line_width => 72).gsub(/\n/, "\n  ") %>
+
+Reply at <%= @message.url %>

app/views/email_reply/reply.text.erb

@@ -2,6 +2,4 @@
 
   <%= word_wrap(@comment.plaintext_comment, :line_width => 72).gsub(/\n/, "\n  ") %>
 
-You can view this reply at:
-
-<%= @comment.url %>
+Continue this discussion at <%= @comment.url %>

app/views/global/_header.html.erb

@@ -1,16 +1,15 @@
 <div id="header">
 	<div id="headerright" class="<%= @user ? "loggedin" : "" %>">
 		<% if @user %>
-			<a href="/settings"><%= @user.username %> (<%= @user.karma %>)</a>
-
-<% if false %>
 			<% if (count = @user.unread_message_count) > 0 %>
 				<a href="/messages"><%= count %> New Message<%= count == 1 ? "" : "s"
           %></a>
 			<% else %>
 				<a href="/messages">Messages</a>
 			<% end %>
-<% end %>
+
+			<a href="/settings"><%= @user.username %> (<%= @user.karma %>)</a>
+
 			<%= link_to "Logout", { :controller => "login", :action => "logout" },
 				{ :confirm => "Are you sure you want to logout?",
           "method" => "post" } %>

app/views/messages/index.html.erb

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+<div class="box wide">
+  <div class="legend">
+		Private Messages
+	</div>
+
+  <% if @user.received_messages.any? %>
+    <table class="data zebra" width="100%" cellspacing=0>
+    <tr>
+      <th width="15%">From</th>
+      <th width="20%">Sent</th>
+      <th width="60%">Subject</th>
+    </tr>
+    <% @user.received_messages.each do |message| %>
+      <tr class="<%= message.has_been_read? ? "" : "bold" %>">
+        <td><a href="/u/<%= message.author.username %>"><%=
+          message.author.username %></a></td>
+        <td><%= time_ago_in_words(message.created_at) %> ago</td>
+        <td><a href="/messages/<%= message.short_id %>"><%= message.subject
+          %></a></td>
+      </tr>
+    <% end %>
+    </table>
+  <% else %>
+    <p>
+    You do not have any private messages.
+    </p>
+  <% end %>
+
+  <br>
+
+  <div class="legend">
+    Compose Message
+  </div>
+
+  <%= form_for @new_message, :method => :post do |f| %>
+    <%= error_messages_for @new_message %>
+
+    <div class="boxline">
+      <%= f.label :recipient_username, "To:", :class => "required" %>
+      <%= f.text_field :recipient_username, :size => 20 %>
+    </div>
+    
+    <div class="boxline">
+      <%= f.label :subject, "Subject:", :class => "required" %>
+      <%= f.text_field :subject, :style => "width: 500px;" %>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="boxline">
+      <%= f.label :body, "Message:", :class => "required" %>
+      <%= f.text_area :body, :style => "width: 500px;", :rows => 5 %>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="boxline">
+      <p></p>
+      <%= submit_tag "Send Message" %>
+    </div>
+  <% end %>
+</div>

app/views/messages/show.html.erb

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+<div class="box wide">
+  <div class="legend" style="float: right;">
+    <a href="/messages">Back to Messages</a>
+  </div>
+
+  <div class="legend">
+    <%= @message.subject %>
+
+    <div class="sublegend">
+      Sent from <a href="/u/<%= @message.author.username %>"><%=
+        @message.author.username %></a>
+      to
+      <a href="/u/<%= @message.recipient.username %>"><%=
+        @message.recipient.username %></a>
+      <%= time_ago_in_words(@message.created_at) %> ago
+    </div>
+	</div>
+
+  <div class="boxline">
+    <%= raw @message.linkified_body %>
+  </div>
+
+  <br>
+
+  <div class="boxline">
+    <div style="float: left;">
+      <%= form_tag message_url(@message.short_id), :method => :delete do %>
+        <%= submit_tag "Delete Message" %>
+      <% end %>
+    </div>
+    
+    <div style="float: left; padding-left: 1em;">
+      <%= form_tag message_url(@message.short_id) + "/keep_as_new",
+      :method => :post do %>
+        <%= submit_tag "Keep As New" %>
+      <% end %>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+
+  <div style="clear: both;"></div>
+  
+  <br>
+
+  <div class="legend">
+    Compose Reply To <%= @new_message.recipient_username %>
+  </div>
+
+  <%= form_for @new_message, :method => :post do |f| %>
+    <%= f.hidden_field :recipient_username %>
+
+    <%= error_messages_for @new_message %>
+
+    <div class="boxline">
+      <%= f.text_field :subject, :style => "width: 500px;" %>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="boxline">
+      <%= f.text_area :body, :style => "width: 500px;", :rows => 5 %>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="boxline">
+      <p></p>
+      <%= submit_tag "Send Message" %>
+    </div>
+  <% end %>
+</div>

app/views/settings/index.html.erb

@@ -1,4 +1,116 @@
 <div class="box wide">
+  <div class="legend right">
+		<a href="/u/<%= @user.username %>">View Profile</a>
+  </div>
+	<div class="legend">
+		Account Settings
+	</div>
+  
+  <%= form_for @edit_user, :url => settings_url, :method => :post do |f| %>
+    <%= error_messages_for f.object %>
+
+    <div class="boxline">
+      <%= f.label :username, "Username:", :class => "required" %>
+      <%= f.text_field :username, :size => 15 %>
+      <span class="hint">
+        <tt>[A-Za-z0-9][A-Za-z0-9_-]*</tt>
+      </span>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="boxline">
+      <%= f.label :password, "New Password:", :class => "required" %>
+      <%= f.password_field :password, :size => 40 %>
+    </div>
+    
+    <div class="boxline">
+      <%= f.label :password_confirmation, "Confirm Password:",
+        :class => "required" %>
+      <%= f.password_field :password_confirmation, :size => 40 %>
+    </div>
+    
+    <div class="boxline">
+      <%= f.label :email, "E-mail Address:", :class => "required" %>
+      <%= f.text_field :email, :size => 40 %>
+    </div>
+    
+    <div class="boxline">
+      <%= f.label :pushover_user_key,
+        raw("<a href=\"https://pushover.net/\">Pushover</a> User Key:"),
+        :class => "required" %>
+      <%= f.text_field :pushover_user_key, :size => 40 %>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="boxline">
+      <%= f.label :pushover_device, "Pushover Device:",
+        :class => "required" %>
+      <%= f.text_field :pushover_device, :placeholder => "optional",
+        :size => 15 %>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="boxline">
+      <%= f.label :about, "About:", :class => "required" %>
+      <%= f.text_area :about, :size => "100x5" %>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="box">
+      <div class="boxline markdown_help_toggler" style="margin-left: 9em;">
+        <div class="markdown_help_label">
+          <span class="fakea">Limited Markdown formatting available</span>
+        </div>
+
+        <div style="clear: both;"></div>
+
+        <%= render :partial => "global/markdownhelp" %>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  
+    <div class="legend">
+      Comment Reply Notification Settings
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="boxline">
+      <%= f.label :email_replies, "Receive E-mail:", :class => "required" %>
+      <%= f.check_box :email_replies %>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="boxline">
+      <%= f.label :pushover_replies,
+        raw("Receive <a href=\"https://pushover.net/\">Pushover</a> Alert:"),
+        :class => "required" %>
+      <%= f.check_box :pushover_replies %>
+      <span class="hint">
+        Requires user key entered above
+      </span>
+    </div>
+
+    <br>
+
+    <div class="legend">
+      Private Message Notification Settings
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="boxline">
+      <%= f.label :email_messages, "Receive E-mail:", :class => "required" %>
+      <%= f.check_box :email_messages %>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="boxline">
+      <%= f.label :pushover_messages,
+        raw("Receive <a href=\"https://pushover.net/\">Pushover</a> Alert:"),
+        :class => "required" %>
+      <%= f.check_box :pushover_replies %>
+      <span class="hint">
+        Requires user key entered above
+      </span>
+    </div>
+
+    <br>
+    <%= f.submit "Save All Settings" %>
+  <% end %>
+ 
+  <br>
+  <br>
+
   <div class="legend">
 		Invite a New User
 	</div>
@@ -19,86 +131,4 @@
       <%= submit_tag "Send Invitation" %>
     </div>
   <% end %>
-
-  <br>
-
-	<div class="legend">
-		Account Settings (<a href="/u/<%= @user.username %>">View Profile</a>)
-	</div>
-  
-  <%= form_for @edit_user, :url => settings_url, :method => :post do |f| %>
-    <%= error_messages_for f.object %>
-
-    <div class="boxline">
-      <%= f.label :username, "Username:", :class => "required" %>
-      <%= f.text_field :username %>
-      <span class="hint">
-        <tt>[A-Za-z0-9][A-Za-z0-9_-]*</tt>
-      </span>
-    </div>
-
-    <div class="boxline">
-      <%= f.label :email, "E-mail Address:", :class => "required" %>
-      <%= f.text_field :email %>
-    </div>
-
-    <div class="boxline">
-      <%= f.label :password, "New Password:", :class => "required" %>
-      <%= f.password_field :password %>
-    </div>
-    
-    <div class="boxline">
-      <%= f.label :password_confirmation, "Confirm Password:",
-        :class => "required" %>
-      <%= f.password_field :password_confirmation %>
-    </div>
-    
-    <div class="boxline">
-      <%= f.label :about, "About:", :class => "required" %>
-      <%= f.text_area :about, :size => "100x5" %>
-    </div>
-
-    <div class="box">
-      <div class="boxline markdown_help_toggler" style="margin-left: 9em;">
-        <div class="markdown_help_label">
-          <span class="fakea">Limited Markdown formatting available</span>
-        </div>
-
-        <div style="clear: both;"></div>
-
-        <%= render :partial => "global/markdownhelp" %>
-      </div>
-    </div>
-  
-    <div class="legend">
-      Reply Notification Settings
-    </div>
-
-    <div class="boxline">
-      <%= f.label :email_replies, "E-mail:", :class => "required" %>
-      <%= f.check_box :email_replies %>
-    </div>
-
-    <div class="boxline">
-      <%= f.label :pushover_replies, raw("<a href=\"https://pushover.net/\">" +
-        "Pushover</a>:"), :class => "required" %>
-      <%= f.check_box :pushover_replies %>
-    </div>
-
-    <div class="boxline">
-      <%= f.label :pushover_user_key, "Pushover User Key:",
-        :class => "required" %>
-      <%= f.text_field :pushover_user_key, :size => 40 %>
-    </div>
-
-    <div class="boxline">
-      <%= f.label :pushover_device, "Pushover Device:",
-        :class => "required" %>
-      <%= f.text_field :pushover_device, :placeholder => "optional",
-        :size => 15 %>
-    </div>
-
-    <br>
-    <%= f.submit "Save All Settings" %>
-  <% end %>
 </div>

config/application.rb

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ module Lobsters
 
     # Set Time.zone default to the specified zone and make Active Record auto-convert to this zone.
     # Run "rake -D time" for a list of tasks for finding time zone names. Default is UTC.
-    # config.time_zone = 'Central Time (US & Canada)'
+    config.time_zone = 'Central Time (US & Canada)'
 
     # The default locale is :en and all translations from config/locales/*.rb,yml are auto loaded.
     # config.i18n.load_path += Dir[Rails.root.join('my', 'locales', '*.{rb,yml}').to_s]

config/routes.rb

@@ -38,6 +38,10 @@ Lobsters::Application.routes.draw do
   post "/comments/:story_id" => "comments#create"
   post "/comments/preview/:story_id" => "comments#preview"
 
+  resources :messages do
+    post "keep_as_new"
+  end
+
   get "/s/:id/:title/comments/:comment_short_id" => "stories#show_comment"
   get "/s/:id/(:title)" => "stories#show"
   get "/u/:id" => "users#show"

db/migrate/20120704004020_fix_up_messages.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+class FixUpMessages < ActiveRecord::Migration
+  def up
+    rename_column :messages, :random_hash, :short_id
+
+    add_column :messages, :deleted_by_author, :boolean, :default => false
+    add_column :messages, :deleted_by_recipient, :boolean, :default => false
+  end
+
+  def down
+  end
+end

db/migrate/20120704013019_pm_notification_options.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+class PmNotificationOptions < ActiveRecord::Migration
+  def up
+    change_table :messages do |t|
+      t.change :has_been_read, :boolean, :default => false
+    end
+
+    add_column :users, :email_messages, :boolean, :default => true
+    add_column :users, :pushover_messages, :boolean, :default => true
+  end
+
+  def down
+  end
+end

db/schema.rb

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 #
 # It's strongly recommended to check this file into your version control system.
 
-ActiveRecord::Schema.define(:version => 20120703184957) do
+ActiveRecord::Schema.define(:version => 20120704013019) do
 
   create_table "comments", :force => true do |t|
     t.datetime "created_at",                                                                      :null => false
@@ -52,13 +52,15 @@ ActiveRecord::Schema.define(:version => 20120703184957) do
     t.datetime "created_at"
     t.integer  "author_user_id"
     t.integer  "recipient_user_id"
-    t.integer  "has_been_read",     :limit => 1,   :default => 0
-    t.string   "subject",           :limit => 100
+    t.boolean  "has_been_read",                       :default => false
+    t.string   "subject",              :limit => 100
     t.text     "body"
-    t.string   "random_hash",       :limit => 30
+    t.string   "short_id",             :limit => 30
+    t.boolean  "deleted_by_author",                   :default => false
+    t.boolean  "deleted_by_recipient",                :default => false
   end
 
-  add_index "messages", ["random_hash"], :name => "random_hash", :unique => true
+  add_index "messages", ["short_id"], :name => "random_hash", :unique => true
 
   create_table "stories", :force => true do |t|
     t.datetime "created_at"
@@ -106,6 +108,8 @@ ActiveRecord::Schema.define(:version => 20120703184957) do
     t.boolean  "pushover_replies",                    :default => false
     t.string   "pushover_user_key"
     t.string   "pushover_device"
+    t.boolean  "email_messages",                      :default => true
+    t.boolean  "pushover_messages",                   :default => true
   end
 
   add_index "users", ["session_token"], :name => "session_hash", :unique => true